grad, gard, gord, gorod, hrad...

reč koja oznacava utvrdjenje na slovenskim jezicima.

na http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gord_(archaeology) piše ovo:

A gord is a medieval Slavic fortified settlement, also occasionally known as a burgwall or Slavic burgwall after the German name for these sites. The ancient peoples were known for building wooden fortified settlements. The reconstructed Centum-satem isogloss word for such a settlement is g'herdh, gordъ, related to the Germanic *gard and *gart (as in Stuttgart etc.). This Proto-Slavic word (*gordъ) for town or city, later differentiated into grad (Cyrillic: град), gard,[1][2] gorod (Cyrillic: город), etc.[3][4][5] The most explicit derivatives from grad are the Croatian word Gradjanski (Croatian: Građanski) and the Russian word Grazhdanye (Russian: Граждане) both means citizens.
znaci sloveni su svoje utvrde zvali gord, gard, gorod, grad a germani su te iste utvrde zvali „burgwall or Slavic burgwall”

ovde se kaže da je reč povezana sa germanskom reci gard

evo šta se kaže za gard

http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gard

na slovenskim jezicima gard ima isto znacenje kao u sanskritu: staniste, naseobina, utvrda.

English garden (ogradjeni deo zemlje), yard (ogradjeni prostor), gard (cuvati)

ja mislim da su germani preuzeli od slovena reč gard i pojam to gard sto znaci cuvati podizanjem zida od kamena ili od ljudi (garda)

na http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_placename_etymology

Slavic names: Prior to the medieval Ostsiedlung, Slavic languages like Polabian, Sorbian, Pomeranian, and Slovenian were spoken in the eastern parts of the Holy Roman Empire. The German settlers and administration in many cases adopted existing Wendish placenames, for example Rostock (from Old Polabian rostok, „river fork”), Dresden (from Sorbian Drežďany), and Berlin (possibly from a Polabian word meaning „Swamp”). For the same reason, many German placenames ending in -anz (e.g. Ummanz), -gard (e.g. Burg Stargard), -gast (e.g. Wolgast), -itz (e.g. Lancken-Granitz), -ow (e.g. Gützkow), and -vitz or -witz (e.g. Malschwitz) have Slavic roots. Due to spelling and pronunciation changes over the centuries, the original Wendish term in most cases is not preserved. Also, some placenames combine a German with a Wendish term (e.g. Altentreptow). The German suffix -au can be related to the Slavic -ow and -ov when derived from the Old German spelling (u= w =double u; e.g. Prenzlau was earlier spelled Prenzlow).

interesantno je kako nisu pomenuli stutgart. stutgart lezi istocno od slovensko franacke granice u periodu 6 - 8 veka. sto znači da je verovatno slovenski grad.

dokaz da su mesta u nemackoj i skandinaviji sa nastavkom gard, gord, gart, bila originalno slovenske utvrde je u sledećem:

A gord is a medieval Slavic fortified settlement, also occasionally known as a burgwall or Slavic burgwall after the German name for these sites
znaci germani su slovenske gradove zvali burg ili burgwall.

dokaz da germani nisu nikad zvali svoja naselja gard ili gord može se videti u tome sto su mnogi gradovi preimenovani u burgove kada je teritorija osvojena od strane germana.
primer: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikilenburg

Mecklenburg Castle was a medieval castle and a residential capital of the Nakonid and Nikloting dynasties of the Obotrites
maklenburg utvrda je bila sediste obodritske dinastije...

The travelling merchant Ibrahim Ibn Jacub described Mecklenburg as „Nakon’s Castle” in 965. By 995 it was documented as Michelenburg[3] or Mikelenburg, meaning large castle in Low German. In Latin, it was known as Magnopolis. The later duchy and region of Mecklenburg derives its name from the castle. The probable Slavic name, Veligrad also („great” or „large castle”).[3] was commemorated in a new Schloss Weligrad built between 1896 and 1898 for Duke John Albert of Mecklenburg.
znaci originalno ime je bilo Veligrad ili veligard. germani su ga zvali Mikelenburg sto znaci veliki grad na staro nemackom.

još jedan dokaz da germani i skandinavci nisu zvali svoje naseobine gard ili gord je jomsburg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jomsborg

skandinavci koji su ga osnovali kad su dosli da rade kao placenici za poljske kraljeve su koristili reč burg za grad.

da su gradovi slovenske gradjevine pokazuje i svedski naziv za slovenske zemlje: Garðaríki (zemlja gradova)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gardariki

ono sto je najvaznije u vezi gradova severnih slovena je to da oni vuku direktan koren iz naseobina luzicke kulture.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gord_(archaeology)

Similar strongholds were built during the late Bronze and early Iron Ages by the people of the Lusatian culture (ca. 1300 BC – 500 BC), and later in the 7th - 8th centuries CE in modern-day Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, Poland, Slovakia, Czech Republic and eastern Germany. These settlements were usually founded on strategic sites such as hills, riverbanks, lake islands or peninsulas.
dakle postoji veza preko gradova sa luzickom kulturom. na severnom baltiku su samo sloveni gradili gradove koji su bili slični luzickim gradovima iz bronzanog doba.